Kardinya is a

suburb A suburb (more broadly suburban area) is an area within a metropolitan area, which may include commercial and mixed-use, that is primarily a residential area. A suburb can exist either as part of a larger city/urban area or as a separate ...

south-southwest of the central business district of

Perth Perth is the capital and largest city of the Australian state of Western Australia. It is the fourth most populous city in Australia and Oceania, with a population of 2.1 million (80% of the state) living in Greater Perth in 2020. Perth is ...

, the capital of

Western Australia Western Australia (commonly abbreviated as WA) is a state of Australia occupying the western percent of the land area of Australia excluding external territories. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to th ...

. It is in the

City of Melville The City of Melville is a local government area in the southern suburbs of the Western Australian capital city of Perth, east of the port city of Fremantle and about south of Perth's central business district. The City covers an area of ...

local government area A local government area (LGA) is an administrative division of a country that a local government is responsible for. The size of an LGA varies by country but it is generally a subdivision of a State (administrative division), state, province, divi ...

. It is predominantly a low-density residential suburb consisting of

single-family detached home A stand-alone house (also called a single-detached dwelling, detached residence or detached house) is a free-standing residential building. It is sometimes referred to as a single-family home, as opposed to a multi-family residential dwelling ...

s. There is a commercial area in the centre of the suburb, with a shopping centre and several other shops. In the northwest is a small light industrial area. Kardinya has a population of 8,730 people. Before European settlement, the area was inhabited by the Beeliar group of the

Whadjuk Whadjuk, alternatively Witjari, are Noongar (Aboriginal Australian) people of the Western Australian region of the Perth bioregion of the Swan Coastal Plain. Name The ethnonym appears to derive from ''whad'', the Whadjuk word for "no". Countr ...

Noongar The Noongar (, also spelt Noongah, Nyungar , Nyoongar, Nyoongah, Nyungah, Nyugah, and Yunga ) are Aboriginal Australian peoples who live in the south-west corner of Western Australia, from Geraldton on the west coast to Esperance on the so ...

people. Kardinya did not attract any interest from Europeans when the

Swan River Colony The Swan River Colony, also known as the Swan River Settlement, or just Swan River, was a British colony established in 1829 on the Swan River, in Western Australia. This initial settlement place on the Swan River was soon named Perth, and it ...

was founded in 1829, as it was far away from any river and was not fertile. European use of Kardinya began in 1870 when fourteen lots were allocated to

Pensioner Guard The Pensioner Guards were English military personnel who served on convict transportation ships en route to the Swan River Colony between 1850 and 1868, and were given employment and grants of land on arrival. Their initial employment lasted for ...

s. These lots were used for piggeries, poultry farms and vineyards. In 1904, a large amount of land in the area was set aside as endowment land for the

University of Western Australia The University of Western Australia (UWA) is a public research university in the Australian state of Western Australia. The university's main campus is in Perth, the state capital, with a secondary campus in Albany, Western Australia, Albany an ...

. In the 1920s, this land started to be used as a pine plantation, known as the Applecross Pine Plantation, and, after 1947, the Somerville Pine Plantation. The suburb was formally gazetted on 16 June 1961. From 1967 to the early 1980s, suburban development occurred in Kardinya. Current amenities in Kardinya include Kardinya Primary School, North Lake Senior Campus, Kardinya Park Shopping Centre, and Morris Buzacott Reserve, which is home to several sports clubs. The suburb is quadrisected by South Street and

North Lake Road North Lake Road is a major road in the southwestern suburbs of the Perth metropolitan area functioning as an intermediate arterial collector positioned between the limited-access Stock Road to the west and Kwinana Freeway to the east. North Lak ...

Transperth Transperth is the brand name of the public transport system serving the city and suburban areas of Perth, the state capital of Western Australia. It is managed by the Public Transport Authority (PTA), a state government organisation. Train op ...

bus services operate, most feeding into

Murdoch railway station Murdoch railway station is a railway and bus station on the Transperth network. It is located on the Mandurah line, from Perth station inside the median strip of the Kwinana Freeway serving the suburb of Murdoch. History Murdoch railway ...

on the

Mandurah railway line The Mandurah line is a commuter railway and service on the Transperth network in Western Australia that runs from Perth south to the state's second largest city Mandurah. The service is operated by Transperth Train Operations, a division of the ...

History

Before British colonisation

Before European settlement, the area was inhabited by the Beeliar group of the

people, who had lived there for 40,000 years. They lived in the area south from the Swan River down to

Mangles Bay Mangles Bay () is a bay of Cockburn Sound in Western Australia which opens out to the Indian Ocean. The town of Rockingham is on its coast, and the causeway to Garden Island runs along its southern edge. The bay was named for the Mangles f ...

near Rockingham and east to the

Darling Scarp The Darling Scarp, also referred to as the Darling Range or Darling Ranges, is a low escarpment running north–south to the east of the Swan Coastal Plain and Perth, Western Australia. The escarpment extends generally north of Bindoon, to th ...

. No specific sites of Aboriginal occupation have been found in Kardinya as there are no wetlands there, however, the Beeliar people would have passed through Kardinya.

British colonisation

Kardinya attracted no interest from the British when they founded the

in 1829. All settlement was concentrated along the Swan and

Canning Canning is a method of food preservation in which food is processed and sealed in an airtight container (jars like Mason jars, and steel and tin cans). Canning provides a shelf life that typically ranges from one to five years, although u ...

rivers as they were the main method of transportation in the early decades of the colony. Kardinya also had no fertile soil for the crops and fruit trees grown at the time. Only one section of land in Kardinya was part of the early land that was granted to settlers; it was known as Cockburn Location 549, and none of the Kardinya section of that land was used. In 1870, fourteen smaller lots were excised from Cockburn Location 549 and were allocated to

s over 15 years. Pensioner Guards were British army veterans who received a pension after having completed their period of service or been wounded. They served on convict transportation ships to Western Australia. Their role in the colony was to help maintain

law and order In modern politics, law and order is the approach focusing on harsher enforcement and penalties as ways to reduce crime. Penalties for perpetrators of disorder may include longer terms of imprisonment, mandatory sentencing, three-strikes laws a ...

, and serve as a presence of authority towards the convicts. To get the Pensioner Guards to stay in the colony, they were allocated land which they had to occupy for seven years before they could gain ownership. Convicts were forced to clear the land for the Pensioner Guards. These Pensioner Guard lots were passed down to their descendants. At the beginning of

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

, most were still owned by descendants of Pensioner Guards. Two roads were built in the early 20th century – South Street, which ran from

Fremantle Fremantle () () is a port city in Western Australia, located at the mouth of the Swan River in the metropolitan area of Perth, the state capital. Fremantle Harbour serves as the port of Perth. The Western Australian vernacular diminutive for ...

west of Kardinya to the eastern edge of Kardinya, and North Lake Road, which ran from

Canning Highway Canning Highway is an arterial road in Perth, Western Australia, linking the inner Perth suburb of Victoria Park in the north-east, to the port city of Fremantle in the south-west. The road is mostly a four-lane divided carriageway, with a ge ...

north of Kardinya to

Bibra Lake Bibra may refer to: Organisations * British Industrial Biological Research Association, now known as BIBRA in the UK Places * Bibra, Schmalkalden-Meiningen, a village in the district Schmalkalden-Meiningen, Thuringia, Germany * Bibra, Saale-Holz ...

in the south, continuing as Forrest Road to Armadale. At first, these roads were just cleared tracks consisting of sand, but after World War I, they were laid with planks. During the early 20th century, these lots were used as piggeries, poultry farms and vineyards. The remaining area was Fremantle Commonage, meaning residents of Fremantle could freely cut timber. This changed in 1904 when an act of the

Parliament of Western Australia The Parliament of Western Australia is the bicameral legislature of the Australian state of Western Australia, forming the legislative branch of the Government of Western Australia. The parliament consists of a lower house, the Legislative Ass ...

set aside the land north, west and east of the Pensioner Guard lots as endowment land for the

(UWA), which was being planned at the time. The university did not end up using the land, but in 1922, it asked the Forests Department to police it for the illegal removal of timber. In 1924, the Bibra and North Lake Progress Association asked UWA and the Forests Department if part of the land could be used as a pine plantation. They agreed to the land being used for that purpose for 50 years. In 1926, of land was cleared, and planted mainly with ''

pinus pinaster ''Pinus pinaster'', the maritime pine or cluster pine, is a pine native to the south Atlantic Europe region and parts of the western Mediterranean. It is a hard, fast growing pine bearing small seeds with large wings. Description ''Pinus pina ...

'', or maritime pine. At a high point on South Street, a house for plantation staff was built, and a fire lookout was built on a nearby tree. A second lookout tower was built in 1965. There were never any large fires at the plantation, but several smaller ones were spotted and put out over the years. Initially, the plantation was known as the Applecross Pine Plantation, but it was renamed to the Somerville Pine Plantation in 1946, after William Somerville, who was a prominent person at UWA, being Acting Vice-Chancellor, Pro-Chancellor and Acting Chancellor at times. Many streets in Kardinya are now also named after prominent people from UWA. The trees in the plantation began to mature in the late 1950s, and harvesting started then. The largest trees were removed first, allowing the others to grow more. Clearcutting began in the 1960s as Kardinya was planned to have a housing development. This finished in 1975, and the university sold most of the land to developers. The south-eastern corner, just beyond Kardinya's boundary, was used to make

Murdoch University Murdoch University is a public university in Perth, Western Australia, with campuses also in Singapore and Dubai. It began operations as the state's second university on 25 July 1973, and accepted its first undergraduate students in 1975. Its n ...

, Perth's second university. Some trees were left standing, and can still be seen today around the suburb.

Suburban development

The area was originally named Ellis, after Ellis, who was a long time secretary of the

Melville Roads Board The City of Melville is a local government area in the southern suburbs of the Western Australian capital city of Perth, east of the port city of Fremantle and about south of Perth's central business district. The City covers an area of and h ...

. The name "Kardinya" was first suggested as a street name in the area in 1955. The name is of Aboriginal origin. Some sources say it means "sunrise", whilst others say it means "place of the Karda ( racehorse goanna)". Later, a vote was held for residents to decide between Ellis and Kardinya as the name for the suburb. Kardinya received all but one vote. The suburb was formally gazetted by the Department of Lands and Surveys on 16 June 1961. In 1958, seven residents requested permission from the council to subdivide their land, however other people opposed this, wanting to retain the area's rural character. The opposers wanted no block to be smaller than , and so the request was denied. Plans for housing development in Kardinya's north-eastern quadrant began in 1960. On 5 October 1967, the first building approval was given, and development of the north-eastern quadrant began. The south-eastern quadrant was developed in the 1970s, followed by the south-western quadrant.

North Lake Senior High School North Lake Senior Campus is a public co-educational high day school, located in , a suburb of Perth, Western Australia. History North Lake Senior High School opened in Kardinya on 4 February 1973 on its present campus at Winterfold Road (known ...

opened in the south-western quadrant at the start of 1973, a shopping centre opened on the north-east corner of South Street and North Lake Road in 1976, and Kardinya Primary School opened in the north-eastern quadrant at the start of 1977. The Kardinya Precinct Committee (KPC) was formed in the early 1970s. The KPC was renamed the Kardinya Residents Association in the late 1970s. This association was heavily involved in the development of Kardinya, providing input for planning schools, shopping centres, bus routes and community services. In the 1980s, the north-eastern quadrant was developed. During the early 21st century, many 1960s and 1970s houses have begun to be demolished and the land subdivided further.

Geography and nature

Kardinya is located south-southwest of the central business district (CBD) of

, the capital of

, and east of the

Indian Ocean The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or ~19.8% of the water on Earth's surface. It is bounded by Asia to the north, Africa to the west and Australia to the east. To the south it is bounded by th ...

. It covers an area of , and is bounded to the north by Garling Street,

and Somerville Boulevard, to the east by Prescott Drive, South Street and Windelya Way, to the south by

Farrington Road Farrington may refer to: Geography Places in the United Kingdom * Farrington, Dorset, England, a settlement in Iwerne Courtney civil parish * Farrington Gurney, Somerset, England Places in the United States * Farrington, Illinois, in Clar ...

, North Lake Road and Winterfold Road, and to the west by a high-voltage power line. To the north is Willagee and Winthrop, to the east is

Murdoch Murdoch ( , ) is an Irish/Scottish given name, as well as a surname. The name is derived from old Gaelic words ''mur'', meaning "sea" and ''murchadh'', meaning "sea warrior". The following is a list of notable people or entities with the name. ...

, to the south is North Lake and Coolbellup, and to the east is

Samson Samson (; , '' he, Šīmšōn, label= none'', "man of the sun") was the last of the judges of the ancient Israelites mentioned in the Book of Judges (chapters 13 to 16) and one of the last leaders who "judged" Israel before the institution o ...

and O'Connor. Kardinya lies mostly on Spearwood

dunes A dune is a landform composed of wind- or water-driven sand. It typically takes the form of a mound, ridge, or hill. An area with dunes is called a dune system or a dune complex. A large dune complex is called a dune field, while broad, fl ...

, which formed around 40,000 years ago. The dunes consist of brown sand lying over yellow subsoil, with

Tamala Limestone Tamala Limestone is the geological name given to the widely occurring eolianite limestone deposits on the western coastline of Western Australia, between Shark Bay in the north and nearly to Albany in the south. The rock consists of calcarenit ...

below. The limestone is close to the surface in parts. A small area on the eastern edge of the suburb lies on Bassendean dunes, which consist of white to grey sands formed between 800,000 and 125,000 years ago. Both are part of the greater

Swan Coastal Plain The Swan Coastal Plain in Western Australia is the geographic feature which contains the Swan River as it travels west to the Indian Ocean. The coastal plain continues well beyond the boundaries of the Swan River and its tributaries, as a geol ...

. Whilst the suburb does not contain any natural wetlands, North Lake is located immediately to the east of the suburb. The area's original vegetation would have been a forest consisting primarily of ''

Eucalyptus gomphocephala ''Eucalyptus gomphocephala'', known as tuart, is a species of tree, one of the six forest giants of Southwest Australia. Tuart forest was common on the Swan coastal plain, until the valuable trees were felled for export and displaced by the urb ...

'' (tuart), with ''

Eucalyptus marginata ''Eucalyptus marginata'', commonly known as jarrah, djarraly in Noongar language and historically as Swan River mahogany, is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a tree with rough ...

'' (jarrah), ''

Corymbia calophylla ''Corymbia calophylla'', commonly known as marri, is a species of flowering plant in the family Myrtaceae and is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It is a tree or mallee with rough bark on part or all of the trunk, lance-shaped ad ...

'' (marri), ''

Banksia attenuata ''Banksia attenuata'', commonly known as the candlestick banksia, slender banksia, or biara to the Noongar people, is a species of plant in the family Proteaceae. Commonly a tree, it reaches high, but it is often a shrub in drier areas high. ...

'' (slender banksia), ''

Banksia grandis ''Banksia grandis'', commonly known as bull banksia or giant banksia, is a species of common and distinctive tree in the south-west of Western Australia. The Noongar peoples know the tree as beera, biara, boongura, gwangia, pira or peera. I ...

'' (bull banksia), and ''

Casuarinaceae The Casuarinaceae are a family of dicotyledonous flowering plants placed in the order Fagales, consisting of four genera and 91 species of trees and shrubs native to eastern Africa, Australia, Southeast Asia, Malesia, Papuasia, and the Pacifi ...

'' (sheoak) interspersed. Smaller trees include

black wattle Black wattle is the common name for a number of species of trees that are native to Australia, as listed below: *''Acacia aulacocarpa'' *''Acacia auriculiformis'', also known as Darwin Black Wattle or northern black wattle; *''Acacia concurrens ...

s and two species of stinkwood, and other plants include

zamia ''Zamia'' is a genus of cycad of the family Zamiaceae, native to North America from the United States (in Georgia and Florida) throughout the West Indies, Central America, and South America as far south as Bolivia. The genus is considered to be ...

s and grass trees/balgas. No rare species are known to have been in the area. Small amounts of the original vegetation were cleared by early settlers in the 19th century and early 20th century to make way for homes, raising animals and vineyards, but most of it was cleared in the 1920s for the pine plantation. A small area of natural bushland remains as Harold Field Reserve, although it has been invaded by weeds that hinder small native plants. ''

Arctotheca calendula ''Arctotheca calendula'' is a plant in the sunflower family commonly known as capeweed, plain treasureflower, cape dandelion, or cape marigold because it originates from the Cape Province in South Africa. It is also found in neighboring KwaZulu ...

'' (capeweed) is a common weed in the area that was purposefully introduced. Other weeds were introduced accidentally, including ''

Eragrostis curvula ''Eragrostis curvula'' is a species of grass known by the common name weeping lovegrass. Other common names include Boer lovegrass, curved lovegrass, Catalina lovegrass, and African lovegrass. It is native to southern Africa. It is an introduce ...

'' (African lovegrass), ''

Ehrharta longiflora ''Ehrharta'' is a genus of plants in the grass family.Thunberg, Carl Peter. 1779. Kongliga Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar 40: 217, pl. 8 Most of the species are native to Africa, with a few from Southeast Asia and from various islands in the A ...

'' (annual veldtgrass), ''

Polycarpon tetraphyllum ''Polycarpon tetraphyllum'', commonly known as four-leaved allseed (also fourleaf allseed or fourleaf manyseed), is a plant of the family Caryophyllaceae. An annual herb growing to 15 cm in height, it is found on sandy soils, in coastal area ...

'' (fourleaf allsead), ''

Romulea rosea ''Romulea rosea'' is a herbaceous perennial plant in the family Iridaceae. It is a small plant, usually less than 20 cm high, with grass-like leaves. The flowers, which appear in spring, are pink with a yellow throat. Common names include G ...

'' (Guildford grass), ''

Trifolium campestre ''Trifolium campestre'', commonly known as hop trefoil, field clover and low hop clover, is a species of flowering plant native to Europe and western Asia, growing in dry, sandy grassland habitats, fields, woodland margins, roadsides, wastelands ...

'' (hop clover), ''

Euphorbia peplus ''Euphorbia peplus'' (petty spurge, radium weed, cancer weed, or milkweed), is a species of ''Euphorbia'', native to most of Europe, northern Africa and western Asia, where it typically grows in cultivated arable land, gardens and other disturbe ...

'' (petty spurge), '' Carpobrotus'' (pigface), ''

Plantago major ''Plantago major'', the broadleaf plantain, white man's footprint, waybread, or greater plantain, is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family Plantaginaceae. The plant is native to Eurasia. The young, tender leaves can be eaten raw, ...

'' (plantain), '' Lolium'' (ryegrass), ''

Oxalis pes-caprae ''Oxalis pes-caprae'' (African wood-sorrel, Bermuda buttercup, Bermuda sorrel, buttercup oxalis, Cape sorrel, English weed, goat's-foot, sourgrass, soursob or soursop; ) is a species of tristylous yellow-flowering plant in the wood sorrel famil ...

'' (soursob), ''

Sonchus arvensis ''Sonchus arvensis'', the field milk thistle, field sowthistle, perennial sow-thistle, corn sow thistle, dindle, gutweed, swine thistle, or tree sow thistle, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. ''S. arvensis'' often occurs i ...

'' (sowthistle), and '' Ursinia''.

Demographics

Kardinya's population has been on a slight decline from 2001 to 2016. The suburb was home to 8,730 people according to the

Australian Bureau of Statistics The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) is the independent statutory agency of the Australian Government responsible for statistical collection and analysis and for giving evidence-based advice to federal, state and territory governments ...

's 2016 census, compared to 8,794 at the 2011 census, 8,874 at the

2006 census 6 (six) is the natural number following 5 and preceding 7. It is a composite number and the smallest perfect number. In mathematics Six is the smallest positive integer which is neither a square number nor a prime number; it is the second small ...

, and 8,935 at the 2001 census. At the 2016 census, 49.6% of residents were male and 50.4% were female. The median age was 41, which was above the state and national averages of 36 and 38 respectively. At the 2016 census, 75.7% of Kardinya households were families, above the state average of 72.7%; 19.5% were single-person households, below the state average of 23.6%; and 4.8% were group households, above the state average of 3.8%. Of those family households, 40.0% were couples without children, 44.0% were couples with children, 13.4% were single parents with children, and 2.7% were some other type of family. These figures are all close to the state averages of 38.5%, 45.3%, 14.5% and 1.7% respectively. Out of the suburb's 3,523 dwellings, 3,197 were occupied and 326 were unoccupied at the 2016 census. Out of the 3,197 that were occupied, 2,772 were detached houses, 311 were semi-detached, and 105 were flats or apartments. 57.6% of occupied dwellings had four or more bedrooms, and the average number of bedrooms was 3.6, which was above the state average of 3.3. The average number of people per household was 2.6, which is the same as the state average. 1,375 dwellings (42.9%) were owned outright, significantly higher than the state average of 28.5%. 1,098 (34.3%) were owned with a mortgage, compared to the state average of 39.7%; 654 (20.4%) were rented, compared to the state average of 28.3%; and 77 (2.4%) were other or not stated. At the 2016 census, the median weekly personal income was $676, compared to the state average of $724 and national average of $662; the median weekly family income was $1,981, compared to the state average of $1,910 and national average of $1,734; and the median weekly household income was $1,667, compared to the state average of $1,595 and the national average of $1,438. The most common occupations were professionals (25.8%), clerical and administrative workers (15.1%), technicians and trades workers (13.4%), managers (11.6%), and sales workers (10.4%). Major industries that residents worked in were hospitals (4.6%), primary education (3.4%), cafes and restaurants (3.1%), higher education (3.0%), and secondary education (2.5%). 27.7% of residents had a bachelor's degree or above, compared to the state average of 20.5%. The most common ancestries that Kardinya residents identified with at the 2016 census were English (24.1%), Australian (19.0%), Chinese (8.4%), Italian (8.3%), and Irish (6.4%). 58.7% of residents were born in Australia. The next most common birthplaces were England (5.5%), Malaysia (2.8%), Italy (2.3%), China, excluding Taiwan and

special administrative regions The special administrative regions (SAR) of the People's Republic of China are one of the provincial-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China directly under the control of its Central People's Government (State Co ...

(2.1%), and Indonesia (2.0%). 33.5% of residents had both parents born in Australia, and 48.0% of residents had both parents born overseas. The most common religious affiliations were Catholic (30.4%), no religion (27.9%), Anglican (12.2%), and

Uniting Church The Uniting Church in Australia (UCA) was founded on 22 June 1977, when most congregations of the Methodist Church of Australasia, about two-thirds of the Presbyterian Church of Australia and almost all the churches of the Congregational Union ...

(3.0%).

Businesses, parks and amenities

Before there were any shops in the area, residents had to travel to Fremantle or to

Canning Bridge Canning Bridge is a traffic bridge which is the most downstream crossing of the Canning River in the city of Perth, Western Australia. The bridge is a part of Canning Highway, and it connects the suburbs of Como and Applecross. The Canning Rive ...

Applecross Applecross ( gd, A' Chomraich) is a peninsula north-west of Kyle of Lochalsh in the council area of Highland, Scotland. The name Applecross is at least 1,300 years old and is ''not'' used locally to refer to the 19th century village (which is ...

for essential items such as groceries, and even further for other items. The first business in the area was a corner store at the junction of what was then North Lake Road and South Street, established in the 1940s. It sold groceries, had a petrol pump, and was demolished in the 1970s. In 1957, a store was established on an adjacent corner to provide petrol, servicing and repairs for vehicles. It was leased to BP in the 1970s, opening as a proper service station in 1974. That service station, , still exists. North Lake Road was realigned about west through Kardinya in the 1970s; the old North Lake Road was renamed Gilbertson Road. In 1975, construction began on a shopping centre on the corner of the new North Lake Road alignment and South Street. The shopping centre opened in 1976. The shopping centre was expanded considerably in 1999, and was given the name Kardinya Park. Today, the

anchor tenant In retail, an "anchor tenant", sometimes called an "anchor store", "draw tenant", or "key tenant", is a considerably larger tenant in a shopping mall, often a department store or retail chain. They are typically located at the ends of malls. Wit ...

s are a Coles supermarket and a

Kmart Kmart Corporation ( , doing business as Kmart and stylized as kmart) is an American retail company that owns a chain of big box department stores. The company is headquartered in Hoffman Estates, Illinois, United States. The company was inc ...

retail store. Smaller tenants include an

Australia Post Australia Post, formally the Australian Postal Corporation, is the government business enterprise that provides postal services in Australia. The head office of Australia Post is located in Bourke Street, Melbourne, which also serves as a post o ...

post office, and

Westpac Westpac Banking Corporation, known simply as Westpac, is an Australian multinational banking and financial services company headquartered at Westpac Place in Sydney, New South Wales. Established in 1817 as the Bank of New South Wales, it ...

and

ANZ ANZ may refer to: People * Anz (musician), a British DJ and electronic musician Banks * ANZ (bank), Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited, the fourth-largest bank in Australia ** ANZ Bank New Zealand, the largest bank in New Zealand ** ...

bank branches. Neighbouring the shopping centre is an

Aldi Aldi (stylised as ALDI) is the common company brand name of two German multinational family-owned discount supermarket chains operating over 10,000 stores in 20 countries. The chain was founded by brothers Karl and Theo Albrecht in 1946, when t ...

supermarket and the Kardinya Tavern (colloquially, "the Kardy"). That

pub A pub (short for public house) is a kind of drinking establishment which is licensed to serve alcoholic drinks for consumption on the premises. The term ''public house'' first appeared in the United Kingdom in late 17th century, and was ...

is one of only a few within , and so it attracts people from the surrounding suburbs. The only other businesses in Kardinya are a small group of shops on the corner of Le Soeuf Drive and McMahon Way, and a light industrial area in the suburb's north-east. The largest park in Kardinya is Morris Buzacott Reserve. It was named on 28 June 1977, after Morris Nutter Buzacott, who was a member of the Melville Roads Board from 1903 to 1905 and chairman in 1905. It has an area of about , and is located in Kardinya's north-eastern quadrant. One of the first sports club to exist at Morris Buzacott Reserve is the Applecross

Hockey Hockey is a term used to denote a family of various types of both summer and winter team sports which originated on either an outdoor field, sheet of ice, or dry floor such as in a gymnasium. While these sports vary in specific rules, numbers o ...

Club (now the Melville City Hockey Club), which relocated there in 1979. It had its own building. In 1979, the reserve was also home to the Kardinya Tennis Club, and the Kardinya Junior

Football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal. Unqualified, the word ''football'' normally means the form of football that is the most popular where the word is used. Sports commonly c ...

Club (KJFC). It was a committee member of the KJFC that started the push in 1979 for a community centre to be built at Morris Buzacott Reserve. At first, the Melville City Council did not help with funding the proposed building, so a group was formed, called the Kardinya Community and Recreation Association. This group, along with the Kardinya Residents Association continued to lobby for a community centre, and in 1985, the council finally approved its construction. it was completed in 1986 and officially opened on 27 June 1987. In 1988, a

bowling Bowling is a target sport and recreational activity in which a player rolls a ball toward pins (in pin bowling) or another target (in target bowling). The term ''bowling'' usually refers to pin bowling (most commonly ten-pin bowling), though ...

club was formed, housed in a small clubhouse that was extended in 2009. In 1994, the Fremantle CBC Amateur Football Club relocated to Morris Buzacott Reserve. Around this time, the Kardinya Community and Recreation Association merged into the Kardinya Residents Association. The Fremantle CBC Amateur Football Club wanted the community centre to be expanded, and so a member of the club made an application to the Melville City Council, which the council refused. The club then applied for funds from the Federal Government, which gave them about $175,000. This funding came amidst the sports rorts affair. The council also contributed $300,000. The expanded facilities were opened in 1994 by

Carmen Lawrence Carmen Mary Lawrence (born 2 March 1948) is an Australian academic and former politician who was the Premier of Western Australia from 1990 to 1993, the first woman to become the premier of an Australian state. A member of the Labor Party, sh ...

, who was the federal member for

. Today, the community centre is used by football clubs, a

tee-ball Tee-ball (also teeball, tee ball or T-ball) is a team sport based on a simplified form of baseball or softball. It is intended as an introduction for children aged 4 to 6 to develop ball-game skills and have fun. Description Tee-ball association ...

club, and a

tennis Tennis is a racket sport that is played either individually against a single opponent ( singles) or between two teams of two players each ( doubles). Each player uses a tennis racket that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball ...

club. The initial hockey building is now also used by a cricket club. Another large park in Kardinya is Frederick Baldwin Park. It was originally known as Somerville Lake but was renamed on 14 September 1983 in honour of Baldwin, who was a member of the Melville Roads Board from 1941 to 1944. It is in Kardinya's north-west quadrant, covers an area of , and contains a lake surrounded by a grassed area. It has a playground and a community centre. Most other parks in Kardinya are named after members of the Melville Roads Board, the exceptions being Bill Dixon Park, named after a council building surveyor; Dick Piercy Park, named after the landowner who subdivided his lot to create this park; Emma George Park, a resident from 1954 to 1992; Jack Jeffery Park, named after a council health surveyor; Red Gum Park, named after the trees at the park; Richard Angeloni Park, after a former vice-principal of UWA; and Robert Henwood Park, named after a city planner for the City of Fremantle.

Education

Kardinya has two schools: Kardinya Primary School, and North Lake Senior Campus.

Primary

Before there were any schools in the area, most students attended Bibra Lake State School, which opened in 1912. Students walked, cycled, or even rode a horse there. When Carawatha Primary School opened in 1959 on the corner of North Lake Road and Archibald Street in Willagee, students attended there. As development progressed in the 1970s, a local school was needed. Residents were approaching the state government, via the Melville Council, for a school to be built in Kardinya. A site was set aside on Ochiltree Way, and in June 1975, it was announced that a school would be built there, with an estimated cost of construction of $255,220. Evangelista Bros Pty Ltd was contracted to build the school. Construction started in August 1976, and the school opened in February 1977, named Kardinya Primary School. It was incomplete, with no windows, blackboards or chalk. There were 37 pre-primary students, 214 students in years 1 to 4, and eight teachers. A parents and citizens association was established on the first day of school. Among the decisions they made in the first year of operation was for the school colours to be yellow, green, and blue. They also held a competition to determine the school motto. The motto chosen was "Rise Above All", proposed by a local family. The school crest was also based on a design submitted by a local family. After opening, work continued on the school, including on the construction of the library, car park, bicycle racks, paths, sporting facilities and gardens. Whilst sporting facilities were being constructed, the school used the adjacent Windelya Reserve (now known as Morris Buzacott Reserve) for sport.

Demountable A portable, demountable or transportable building is a building designed and built to be movable rather than permanently located. Smaller version of portable buildings are also known as portable cabins. Portable cabins are prefabricated structu ...

classrooms were brought in for periods, while construction on more permanent classrooms was ongoing. The school was officially opened on 15 August 1979, by

Barry MacKinnon Barry John MacKinnon (born 29 October 1944) is a former Australian politician who was a Liberal Party member of the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia from 1977 to 1993. He was the state leader of the Liberal Party (and thus Leader of t ...

, the member for

. In 1980, there were 77 pre-primary students, and 426 students in years 1 to 7. That year saw the completion of all construction, and the graduation of the school's first Year Seven students. Enrolments peaked in 1982, at 491. 1984 saw the formation of a parent's consultative committee, a precursor to today's school councils which are common in Western Australia. A school council was later formed in 1987. It was one of the first in the state. Kardinya Primary School became an

Independent Public School Independent Public Schools (IPS) refers to an education reform first introduced in Western Australia in 2009 by the state's Department of Education. An independent public school is a state/public school that, while a part of the state education sy ...

in 2017. With that came the replacement of the school council with a school board. As of 2021, there are 60 students in kindergarten, 54 students in pre-primary, and 235 students in years 1 to 6.

Secondary

Before there were any secondary schools in Kardinya, students attended various other schools, including Fremantle Boys' School, and Fremantle Girls' School. Students would cycle to Carrington Street and then catch a bus to Fremantle. Some students who attended Wesley College in South Perth would cycle along North Lake Road to Canning Highway, then catch a bus there. In 1960,

Melville Senior High School Melville Senior High School is a Government school, public co-educational high school located in Melville, Western Australia, Melville, a suburb of Perth, Western Australia. Opened in 1960, as of 2021 the school had an enrolment of 1,399 students ...

was established. This was much closer to Kardinya, only a few kilometres north, making the journey to the nearest secondary school much shorter. North Lake Senior High School opened in Kardinya on 4 February 1973 on its present campus at Winterfold Road (known then as Torquil Road). It was Kardinya's first secondary school. Before opening in Kardinya, the school operated for Year 8 students on the Melville Senior High School campus. It was initially going to be named Kardinya High School, but the name was changed before opening to show that its catchment covers the suburbs surrounding Kardinya as well. The school had 165 Year Eight and Nine students in 1973. Upon opening, the facilities constructed were an administration block, a science and mathematics block, a canteen, a gymnasium and a library. Construction continued after the opening. Further facilities opened in the years following 1973, and on 29 March 1979, the school was officially opened by the minister for education, Peter Jones. In 1983, enrolments peaked at 935. After that, enrolments gradually declined. By 1995, the school had fewer than 400 students, and so the

Department of Education An education ministry is a national or subnational government agency politically responsible for education. Various other names are commonly used to identify such agencies, such as Ministry of Education, Department of Education, and Ministry of Pub ...

changed the school to serve Year 11 and 12 students only, a new concept for Western Australian public schools. Alongside this, the school was renamed to North Lake Senior Campus.

Governance

Local

Kardinya is located in the

. From January 1871, Kardinya was part of the Fremantle Road District (now known as the

City of Cockburn The City of Cockburn ( ) is a local government area in the southern suburbs of the Western Australian capital city of Perth about south of Fremantle and about south of Perth's central business district. The City covers an area of and had a po ...

). On 5 June 1901, the East Fremantle Road District was created, encompassing the modern-day City of Melville. It was soon renamed to the Melville Road District to avoid confusion with the neighbouring Municipality of East Fremantle (now known as the

Town of East Fremantle The Town of East Fremantle is a local government area in the southern suburbs of the Western Australian capital city of Perth, located immediately northeast of the port city of Fremantle and about southwest of Perth's central business di ...

) and to give the district its own identity. The Melville Road District became the Shire of Melville on 1 July 1961, following the enactment of the ''Local Government Act 1960''. It became the Town of Melville on 26 September 1962, and finally, the City of Melville on 3 May 1968. The suburb lies within the City of Melville's Bateman–Kardinya–Murdoch ward. Elections are held on the third Saturday of October in every odd numbered year. Councillors are elected to four year terms. Half of all councillors are up for election at each election. Councillors for the Bateman–Kardinya–Murdoch ward are , and .

State

As of the

2021 Western Australian state election 1 (one, unit, unity) is a number representing a single or the only entity. 1 is also a numerical digit and represents a single unit of counting or measurement. For example, a line segment of ''unit length'' is a line segment of length 1 ...

, for the

Western Australian Legislative Assembly The Western Australian Legislative Assembly, or lower house, is one of the two chambers of the Parliament of Western Australia, an Australian state. The Parliament sits in Parliament House in the Western Australian capital, Perth. The Legisla ...

(lower house), Kardinya is part of the

electoral district of Willagee Willagee is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Western Australia. The district is located in the southern suburbs of Perth. Willagee has at all times been a safe Labor seat. Geography Willagee is an ...

south of South Street and west of North Lake Road. The remainder is part of the

electoral district of Bateman An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold public office. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated ...

. Willagee's current member is

Peter Tinley Peter Charles Tinley (born 9 July 1962) is an Australian politician and former soldier. Peter has been a Labor Party member of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly since November 2009, representing the electorate of Willagee. Early li ...

of the

Australian Labor Party The Australian Labor Party (ALP), also simply known as Labor, is the major centre-left political party in Australia, one of two major parties in Australian politics, along with the centre-right Liberal Party of Australia. The party forms the f ...

. Bateman's current member is Kim Giddens of the Australian Labor Party. Both these districts are part of the

South Metropolitan Region The South Metropolitan Region is a multi-member electoral region of the Western Australian Legislative Council, located in the southern suburbs of Perth, Western Australia. It was created by the ''Acts Amendment (Electoral Reform) Act 1987'', an ...

of the

Western Australian Legislative Council The Western Australian Legislative Council is the upper house of the Parliament of Western Australia, a state of Australia. It is regarded as a house of review for legislation passed by the Legislative Assembly, the lower house. The two Houses ...

(upper house). The south-west of Kardinya votes most strongly for the

centre-left Centre-left politics lean to the left on the left–right political spectrum but are closer to the centre than other left-wing politics. Those on the centre-left believe in working within the established systems to improve social justice. The c ...

Labor Party, and the north-east votes most strongly for the

centre-right Centre-right politics lean to the Right-wing politics, right of the Left–right politics, political spectrum, but are closer to the Centrism, centre. From the 1780s to the 1880s, there was a shift in the Western world of social class structure a ...

Liberal Party The Liberal Party is any of many political parties around the world. The meaning of ''liberal'' varies around the world, ranging from liberal conservatism on the right to social liberalism on the left. __TOC__ Active liberal parties This is a li ...

Federal

Kardinya is within the Division of Fremantle south of South Street and west of North Lake Road. The remainder is part of the

Division of Tangney The Division of Tangney is an Australian electoral division in the state of Western Australia. The Division was named after Dame Dorothy Tangney, the first female member of the Australian Senate. Tangney is an affluent electorate covering t ...

. The member for Fremantle is Labor's Josh Wilson. The member for Tangney is Labor's

Sam Lim Bon Cheng Lim (; born 6 June 1961), better known as Sam Lim, is a Malaysian-born Australian politician. Lim was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as member of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) in 2022 to represent the Division ...

Transport

At the 2016 census, 74.7% of residents travelled to work in a car, whereas 9.9% travelled to work on public transport.

Road

Kardinya is quadrisected by South Street, which runs east–west, and North Lake Road, which runs north–south. Both of these roads are six-lane

dual carriageway A dual carriageway ( BE) or divided highway ( AE) is a class of highway with carriageways for traffic travelling in opposite directions separated by a central reservation (BrE) or median (AmE). Roads with two or more carriageways which are ...

s. North Lake Road previously followed a different alignment through Kardinya, but it was realigned to its present position in 1975. The road along its former alignment is now known as Gilbertson Road. Heading east on South Street leads to Murdoch University,

St John of God Murdoch Hospital St John of God Murdoch Hospital is a 511-bed private non-profit hospital located in the southern suburbs of Perth in Western Australia, immediately adjacent to the public Fiona Stanley Hospital campus. The distance between the entrances to the ...

Fiona Stanley Hospital Fiona Stanley Hospital (FSH) is a state government hospital and teaching facility in Murdoch, Western Australia. Completed in December 2013, the hospital is the largest building project ever undertaken for the Government of Western Australia. ...

, the

Kwinana Freeway The Kwinana Freeway is a freeway in and beyond the southern suburbs of Perth, Western Australia, linking central Perth with Mandurah to the south. It is the central section of State Route 2, which continues north as Mitchell Freeway to Cl ...

and

Roe Highway Roe Highway is a limited-access highway and partial freeway in Perth, Western Australia, linking Kewdale with the city's north-eastern and south-western suburbs. The northern terminus is at Reid Highway and Great Northern Highway in Middle S ...

. The Kwinana Freeway is the main road into the Perth CBD. The freeway can also be accessed by heading east on Farrington Road, which travels along Kardinya's southern boundary east of North Lake Road. Heading west on South Street leads to Fremantle and Stock Road, a major north–south route that leads to Rockingham. Heading north on North Lake Road leads to

Leach Highway Leach Highway is a east-west arterial highway in the southern suburbs of Perth, Western Australia, primarily linking Kewdale and Perth Airport with the city of Fremantle. It is allocated State Route 7 and is a dual carriageway for its entir ...

and Canning Highway. Heading south on North Lake Road leads to Cockburn Central and Armadale Road. Other arterial roads in Kardinya include Winterfold Road, which travels along the suburb's southern boundary west of North Lake Road, Garling Street, which travels along the suburb's northern boundary west of North Lake Road, and Somerville Boulevard, which travels along the suburb's boundary east of North Lake Road.

Public transport

bus services in Kardinya include routes 115, 503, 504, 511, 512, 513, 998 and 999. These routes, except for route 115, all connect to Murdoch railway station, the closest railway station to Kardinya at approximately east. The station is in the

median In statistics and probability theory, the median is the value separating the higher half from the lower half of a data sample, a population, or a probability distribution. For a data set, it may be thought of as "the middle" value. The basic fe ...

of the Kwinana Freeway, and is on the

. Route 115 is a limited stop service that travels between Hamilton Hill and

Elizabeth Quay bus station Elizabeth Quay Bus Station, formerly the Esplanade Busport, is a Transperth bus station, located at the southern edge of the Perth CBD in Western Australia, next to the Perth Convention Exhibition Centre and Elizabeth Quay railway station. It h ...

in the Perth CBD. It travels a roughly north–south route through Kardinya, through the centre of the suburb. Routes 503 and 504 travel between Murdoch railway station and

Bull Creek railway station Bull Creek railway station is a railway station on the Transperth network. It is located on the Mandurah line, 11.7 kilometres from Perth station inside the median strip of the Kwinana Freeway serving the suburb of Bull Creek. History Th ...

, on the Mandurah railway line. Route 503 travels along Gilbertson Road and South Street, and route 504 travels along Prescott Drive and South Street. Route 511 travels between Murdoch railway station and

Fremantle railway station Fremantle railway station is the terminus of Transperth's Fremantle line in Western Australia. History The original Fremantle station opened in Cliff Street on 1 March 1881 as the terminus of the Eastern Railway to Guildford via Perth. As ...

near the northern side of the suburb. Route 512 travels between Murdoch railway station and Spearwood along Farrington Road. Route 513 travels between Murdoch railway station and Fremantle railway station along South Street, North Lake Road and Winterfold Avenue.

References

External links

{{City of Melville suburbs Suburbs of Perth, Western Australia Suburbs in the City of Melville